{"id":49415,"date":"2026-06-09T10:00:17","date_gmt":"2026-06-09T08:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.bonomiacciai.it\/?p=49415"},"modified":"2026-06-05T16:37:08","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T14:37:08","slug":"solution-annealed-steel-condition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.bonomiacciai.it\/en\/solution-annealed-steel-condition\/","title":{"rendered":"Solution-annealed steel condition: structure, ductility and corrosion resistance"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\" id=\"wpb-content-root\">[vc_row el_class=&#8221;ba-intro-lead&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]After analyzing the most common supply conditions of tool steels, we enter the field of <strong>stainless steels<\/strong>, where one of the most important conditions is the <strong>solution-annealed condition<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Unlike martensitic steels, which are often supplied in the annealed condition, stainless steels:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>austenitic<\/li>\n<li>austeno-ferritic, or duplex<\/li>\n<li>precipitation-hardening<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>are usually supplied in the solution-annealed condition.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 This treatment aims to make the steel structure more homogeneous, improve ductility and, furthermore, maintain good corrosion resistance.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<figure class=\"vcex-image vcex-module wpex-text-center\"><div class=\"vcex-image-inner wpex-relative wpex-inline-block\"><img width=\"800\" height=\"600\" src=\"https:\/\/www.bonomiacciai.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/100x_mod.jpg\" class=\"vcex-image-img wpex-align-middle\" alt=\"Microstructure of solution-annealed steel\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.bonomiacciai.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/100x_mod.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.bonomiacciai.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/100x_mod-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.bonomiacciai.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/100x_mod-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/div><figcaption class=\"vcex-image-caption wpex-mt-10\">Austenitic stainless steel AISI 316 in the solution-annealed condition \u2013 photo courtesy of our collaborating company <a href=\"https:\/\/tecmet2000.it\/\">Tecmet 2000<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column el_class=&#8221;ba-box&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;\ud83d\udd0d What the solution-annealed condition is&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|text_align:left&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;16px&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]The <strong>solution-annealed condition<\/strong> is a metallurgical condition obtained through a high-temperature heat treatment, followed by rapid cooling.<\/p>\n<p>During the treatment, the elements present in the steel are brought into solid solution within the metal matrix.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 In practice, solution annealing serves to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>eliminate microstructural heterogeneities<\/li>\n<li>dissolve carbides or undesired phases<\/li>\n<li>restore a more stable structure<\/li>\n<li>improve ductility and workability<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The result is a steel that is more homogeneous, more ductile and more suitable for subsequent processing.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column el_class=&#8221;ba-box&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;\ud83e\uddea What solution annealing is used for&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]Solution annealing is mainly used to improve the structure of stainless steels.<br \/>\nIn the case of <strong>austenitic stainless steels<\/strong>, this treatment makes it possible to eliminate any alterations generated by previous mechanical processing or plastic deformation.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 In particular, solution annealing allows you to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>dissolve chromium carbides<\/li>\n<li>reduce microstructural heterogeneities<\/li>\n<li>increase ductility and toughness<\/li>\n<li>improve material stability<\/li>\n<li>maintain corrosion resistance<\/li>\n<li>reduce any magnetism induced by processing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>This aspect is fundamental because, for example, chromium carbide precipitation can reduce the steel\u2019s ability to resist corrosion.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column el_class=&#8221;ba-box&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;\ud83d\udd27 How the solution-annealing treatment is performed&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|text_align:left&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;16px&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]At an operational level, solution annealing involves two main stages.<\/p>\n<h3>1. Heating<\/h3>\n<p>The steel is heated to a high temperature, generally within a range between <strong>900 and 1200 \u00b0C<\/strong>, depending on the type of steel and its chemical composition.<\/p>\n<p>In the case of austenitic stainless steels, the temperature is often between <strong>1000 and 1100 \u00b0C<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 This stage serves to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>dissolve carbides<\/li>\n<li>dissolve undesired intermetallic phases<\/li>\n<li>bring the alloying elements back into solid solution<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>2. Rapid cooling<\/h3>\n<p>After holding at temperature, the material is cooled rapidly.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 Cooling must be sufficiently fast to avoid the new precipitation of carbides or undesired phases during the passage through intermediate temperatures.<\/p>\n<p>Cooling control is fundamental because it directly influences:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>final structure<\/li>\n<li>corrosion resistance<\/li>\n<li>dimensional stability<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column el_class=&#8221;ba-box&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;\ud83e\uddec Solution annealing in austenitic steels&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|text_align:left&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;16px&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]In austenitic stainless steels, solution annealing plays a fundamental role.<\/p>\n<p>It mainly serves to dissolve <strong>chromium carbides<\/strong>, which can form during exposure to certain temperatures.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 If these carbides precipitate along the grain boundaries, they can locally deplete the matrix of chromium and consequently reduce corrosion resistance.<\/p>\n<p>For this reason, the solution-annealing treatment makes it possible to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>restore a more homogeneous austenitic structure<\/li>\n<li>improve corrosion resistance<\/li>\n<li>increase ductility and toughness<\/li>\n<li>eliminate alterations caused by previous processing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>In some cases, it can also have a stress-relieving and material-stabilizing function.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column el_class=&#8221;ba-box&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;\u2699\ufe0f Solution annealing in duplex steels&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|text_align:left&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;16px&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]In austeno-ferritic stainless steels, also known as <strong>duplex<\/strong> steels, solution annealing has a specific objective: optimizing the ratio between austenite and ferrite.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 In these steels, the ideal structure consists of a balanced percentage of:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>austenite<\/li>\n<li>ferrite<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The final heat treatment makes it possible to achieve a ratio close to<strong> 50\/50<\/strong>, which is fundamental for obtaining the correct balance between mechanical strength and corrosion resistance.<\/p>\n<p>During holding at high temperature, any harmful phases formed during previous processing are also eliminated.<\/p>\n<p>The subsequent rapid cooling prevents these phases from reforming during the passage through intermediate temperatures.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column el_class=&#8221;ba-box&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;\ud83c\udfed Pay attention to the furnace and atmosphere&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|text_align:left&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;16px&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]During solution annealing, temperature is not the only factor that matters. The furnace atmosphere must also be controlled.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 It is important to avoid:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>excessively oxidizing conditions<\/li>\n<li>surface contamination<\/li>\n<li>uncontrolled presence of carbon<\/li>\n<li>alterations that could compromise the surface or corrosion resistance<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>For this reason, the treatment must be performed with controlled parameters consistent with the type of steel being treated.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column el_class=&#8221;ba-box&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;\ud83e\udde0 Properties of the solution-annealed condition&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|text_align:left&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;16px&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]Steel in the solution-annealed condition offers a combination of properties that is very useful for subsequent processing.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 In particular, it offers:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>excellent ductility<\/li>\n<li>good mechanical workability<\/li>\n<li>more homogeneous structure<\/li>\n<li>reduction of internal stresses<\/li>\n<li>good corrosion resistance<\/li>\n<li>greater metallurgical stability<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>The solution-annealed condition is therefore often an ideal starting condition before further processing or treatments.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column el_class=&#8221;ba-box&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;\ud83d\udd04 Link to the series&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|text_align:left&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;16px&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]The <strong>solution-annealed condition<\/strong> represents another example of how decisive the steel supply condition is for correctly interpreting the material.<\/p>\n<p>Knowing the chemical composition is not enough: it is also essential to understand in which metallurgical condition the steel arrives.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 In the next article, we will see what happens when, after solution annealing, some steels undergo an<strong> aging or precipitation-hardening treatment.<\/strong>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column el_class=&#8221;ba-box&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;\ud83c\udfaf Conclusion&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h3|text_align:left&#8221; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_empty_space height=&#8221;16px&#8221;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]The solution-annealed condition is a fundamental condition for many stainless steels.<\/p>\n<p>\ud83d\udc49 It makes it possible to:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>homogenize the structure<\/li>\n<li>eliminate undesired phases<\/li>\n<li>improve ductility and toughness<\/li>\n<li>maintain corrosion resistance<\/li>\n<li>prepare the material for subsequent processing<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Understanding solution annealing means understanding how heat treatment can profoundly modify the behavior of steel.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_empty_space][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row full_width=&#8221;stretch_row&#8221; css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1775557578713{background-color: #ebebeb !important;}&#8221; visibility=&#8221;hidden-phone&#8221;][vc_column]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\" style=\"height:35px;\"><\/div>[vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Would you like to learn more about how steel inspections and checks are managed?<\/strong><br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.bonomiacciai.it\/en\/contacts\/\">Contact us<\/a> to speak with our technical department.<br \/>\nOr fill in the form below to receive more information.<\/h3>\n[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\" style=\"height:35px;\"><\/div>[vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/2&#8243;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Contact our technical department:&#8221; 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style=\"height:35px;\"><\/div>[vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]\n<p>Would you like to learn more about how steel inspections and checks are managed?<br \/>\nContact us to speak with our technical department.<\/p>\n[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\" style=\"height:35px;\"><\/div>[vc_single_image image=&#8221;48019&#8243; img_size=&#8221;1080&#215;1080&#8243; alignment=&#8221;center&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\" style=\"height:35px;\"><\/div>[vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Gianluigi Vianelli&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h2|font_size:26px|text_align:center|color:%23282828&#8243; google_fonts=&#8221;font_family:Arimo%3Aregular%2Citalic%2C700%2C700italic|font_style:700%20bold%20regular%3A700%3Anormal&#8221; css_animation=&#8221;none&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;][vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Research &amp; Development Lab Manager&#8221; 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142.3V448z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">LinkedIn<\/span><\/a><\/div><div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\" style=\"height:24px;\"><\/div><div class=\"vcex-module vcex-divider vcex-divider-solid vcex-divider-center wpex-mx-auto wpex-max-w-100 wpex-block wpex-h-0 wpex-border-b wpex-border-solid wpex-border-main\" style=\"width:250px;margin-block:15px;border-color:#282828;\"><\/div><div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\" style=\"height:24px;\"><\/div>[vc_custom_heading text=&#8221;Or fill in the form below to receive more information and about its applications.&#8221; font_container=&#8221;tag:h1|font_size:15px|text_align:center|color:%23172028&#8243; use_theme_fonts=&#8221;yes&#8221; css=&#8221;&#8221;]<div class=\"vcex-spacing wpex-w-100 wpex-clear\" style=\"height:24px;\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"wpcf7 no-js\" id=\"wpcf7-f44579-o2\" lang=\"it-IT\" dir=\"ltr\" data-wpcf7-id=\"44579\">\n<div class=\"screen-reader-response\"><p role=\"status\" 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wpcf7-validates-as-email\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" placeholder=\"Email\" value=\"\" type=\"email\" name=\"your-email\" \/><\/span><br \/>\n<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"form-row\">\n\t\t<div class=\"form-column-full\">\n\t\t\t<p><label><br \/>\n<strong>Messaggio<\/strong><br \/>\n<span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"your-message\"><textarea cols=\"40\" rows=\"10\" maxlength=\"2000\" class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-textarea wpcf7-validates-as-required\" aria-required=\"true\" aria-invalid=\"false\" placeholder=\"Messaggio\" name=\"your-message\"><\/textarea><\/span><br \/>\n<\/label>\n\t\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"form-row\">\n\t\t<p><label><br \/>\n<\/label>\n\t\t<\/p>\n\t\t<p><span class=\"wpcf7-form-control-wrap\" data-name=\"checkbox-713\"><span class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-checkbox wpcf7-validates-as-required\"><span class=\"wpcf7-list-item first last\"><input type=\"checkbox\" name=\"checkbox-713[]\" value=\"Accetto la Privacy Policy\" \/><span class=\"wpcf7-list-item-label\">Accetto la Privacy Policy<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.iubenda.com\/privacy-policy\/38826225\" rel=\"noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Leggi qui<\/a>\n\t\t<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n\t<div class=\"form-row submit-row\">\n\t\t<p><input class=\"wpcf7-form-control wpcf7-submit has-spinner\" type=\"submit\" value=\"INVIA!\" \/>\n\t\t<\/p>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div><div class=\"wpcf7-response-output\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n<\/form>\n<\/div>\n[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]\n<div class=\"\">\n<div class=\"\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"z-0 flex min-h-[46px] justify-start\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"mt-3 w-full empty:hidden\">\n<div class=\"text-center\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"pointer-events-none -mt-px h-px translate-y-[calc(var(--scroll-root-safe-area-inset-bottom)-14*var(--spacing))]\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/div>\n[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>[vc_row el_class=&#8221;ba-intro-lead&#8221;][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]After analyzing the most common supply conditions of tool steels, we enter the field of stainless steels, where one of the most important conditions is the solution-annealed condition. Unlike martensitic steels, which are often supplied in the annealed condition, stainless steels: austenitic austeno-ferritic, or duplex precipitation-hardening are usually supplied in the solution-annealed condition.&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":49584,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2175,2176,1720],"tags":[3180,3181,3182,3183,1759,3184,3185,3186,3052,3035,3203,1694,3187,3207,3188,2017,3084,3189,3204,3190,3191,3201,3202,3200,3199,3196,3195,2162,3206,3205,3208,3015,3192,3209,3098,3197,3198,3017,3210,3193,3194],"post_series":[],"class_list":["post-49415","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-en","category-home-en","category-technical-contents","tag-acciai-austeno-ferritici","tag-acciai-duplex-solubilizzati","tag-acciai-indurenti-per-precipitazione","tag-acciai-inossidabili-solubilizzati","tag-acciai-speciali-en","tag-acciaio-austenitico-solubilizzato","tag-acciaio-inox-solubilizzato","tag-acciaio-solubilizzato","tag-anatomia-di-un-acciaio","tag-anatomy-of-steel","tag-austeno-ferritic-steels","tag-bonomi-acciai-en","tag-carburi-di-cromo-acciaio-inox","tag-chromium-carbides-in-stainless-steel","tag-duttilita-acciaio","tag-lavorabilita-acciaio-en","tag-metallurgia-acciaio","tag-microstruttura-acciaio-inox","tag-precipitation-hardening-steels","tag-resistenza-alla-corrosione-acciaio-inox","tag-solubilizzazione-acciaio","tag-solution-annealed-austenitic-steel","tag-solution-annealed-duplex-steels","tag-solution-annealed-stainless-steel","tag-solution-annealed-stainless-steels","tag-solution-annealed-steel","tag-solution-annealed-steel-condition","tag-special-steels","tag-stainless-steel-corrosion-resistance","tag-stainless-steel-heat-treatments","tag-stainless-steel-microstructure","tag-stato-di-fornitura-acciaio","tag-stato-solubilizzato-acciaio","tag-steel-ductility","tag-steel-metallurgy","tag-steel-solution-annealing","tag-steel-solution-annealing-treatment","tag-steel-supply-condition","tag-steel-workability","tag-trattamenti-termici-acciaio-inox","tag-trattamento-di-solubilizzazione-acciaio","entry","has-media"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.8 (Yoast SEO v28.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>solution-annealed steel: what it is, treatment and properties<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Discover what steel solution annealing is, how it takes place and why it is important for ductility, workability and corrosion resistance.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.bonomiacciai.it\/stato-solubilizzato-acciaio\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Solution-annealed steel condition: structure, ductility and corrosion resistance\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Discover what steel solution annealing is, how it takes place and why it is important for ductility, workability and corrosion resistance.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.bonomiacciai.it\/stato-solubilizzato-acciaio\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Bonomi Acciai\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-06-09T08:00:17+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.bonomiacciai.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Solubilizzato_Blog.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1080\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"admin\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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